In the Greater Mekong Subregion, 200 million people in rural areas depend on their surrounding environment for food, water, energy, and income. Forests, wetlands, mangroves, farmlands, and other ecosystems account for between 20% and 55% of the subregion's wealth.
The Working Group on Environment (WGE) provides overall leadership and direction for the subregion's Core Environment Program.
Natural ecosystems – and the food, water, energy, and other vital elements they provide – lie at the heart of the development of the Greater Mekong Subregion. How these natural resources are protected, managed, and enhanced will determine the long-term sustainability of its environment and economic development.
Overexploitation of natural resources, pollution, vulnerability to climate change, and ever-increasing natural disasters are threatening these ecosystems. In addition, environmental degradation is posing risks to sustained long-term growth, and could cost a whopping $55 billion in foregone services over the next 25 years if left unchecked.
Unless there is better planning and management, the subregion’s resource-intensive development approach could lead to food shortages, price shocks, health hazards, and environmental damage that impact thousands of families and put businesses at risk.
The GMS Economic Cooperation Program Strategic Framework 2030 (GMS-2030) will focus on improving environmental sustainability and climate change resilience in the subregion. Environment and climate change challenges will be addressed through green technologies; protection of ecosystems and key ecological processes; climate resilience policies; and disaster-risk management, all of which will recognize the essential role that communities play as stewards of natural resources. A systematic effort will be made to mainstream climate change considerations into all GMS interventions, with a focus on energy efficiency, renewable energy, climate-smart landscapes, and sustainable waste management, particularly in terms of healthy ocean and river systems, and the tackling of plastic pollution. GMS-2030 was endorsed and adopted at the 7th GMS Summit of Leaders in September 2021. It aims to provide a new setting for the development of this subregion for the next decade.
The Core Environment Program Strategic Framework and Action Plan 2018-2022 was endorsed by GMS ministers at the 5th GMS Environment Ministers' Meeting in Chiang Mai, Thailand, held on 30 January – 1 February 2018. The 5-year environment strategy focuses on green technologies and sustainable infrastructure, natural resources and ecosystem services, and climate resilience and disaster risk management.
The GMS Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability Program (GMS CCESP), the third and current phase of the GMS Core Environment Program, supports environmental cooperation and green investments in the GMS. It covers six priority themes that were identified during the 24th Annual Meeting of the GMS WGE in 2019: (a) building climate and disaster resilience; (b) facilitating low carbon transitions; (c) promoting climate-smart landscapes; (d) enhancing environmental quality through pollution control and sustainable waste management; (e) deploying digital technologies for climate actions and environmental sustainability; and (f) financing low-carbon and climate-resilient infrastructure and technologies, including demonstrating climate and disaster risk financing instruments. The GMS CCESP builds on the achievements and lessons from the first two phases of the GMS Core Environment Program, and runs until 2025.
The GMS Core Environment Program was designed to help countries in the GMS meet the increasing demand for food, energy, water, and other natural resources, while at the same time ensuring that resources are available for future generations. This included balancing rapid growth with sustainable practices, and protecting vital water resources, controlling floods, preserving biodiversity and critical ecosystems, and mitigating the impacts of urban expansion.
Related
• GMS Core Environment Program website
• Greater Mekong Subregion Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability Program (Brochure)
Contact Persons
Focal Persons at the Asian Development Bank
Srinivasan Ancha
Climate Change, Resilience, and Environment Cluster
Climate Change and Sustainable Development Department
Mark Bezuijen
Agriculture, Food, Nature, and Rural Development Sector Office
Sectors Group
Other Concerned Staff & Consultants
Alvin Lopez
Agriculture, Food, Nature, and Rural Development Sector Office
Sectors Group
Criselda Rufino
Agriculture, Food, Nature, and Rural Development Sector Office
Sectors Group
Asadullah Sumbal
Regional Cooperation and Integration Unit
Southeast Asia Department
Rafaelita Jamon
Regional Cooperation and Integration Unit
Southeast Asia Department/GMS Secretariat
Send inquiries to GMS SAFSP Secretariat and GMS Secretariat.
Major expansion in the Greater Mekong Subregion power sector will bring added environmental and social pressures, and more attention needs be paid to incorporating greater sustainability into the power planning process.
This is the joint ministerial statement from the 4th Environment Ministers' Meeting in Nay Pyi Taw, Republic of the Union of Myanmar on 29 January 2015.
The 10th Semi-Annual Meeting of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Working Group on Environment (WGE-SAM10) was held on 11 November 2015 in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The meeting was chaired by Dr. Rungnapar Pattanavibool, Director, Office of International Cooperation on Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Thailand; and co-chaired by Mr. Pavit Ramachandran, Senior Environment Specialist, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Project Officer for the Core Environment Program (CEP).
The plan aims to help Cambodia achieve its sustainable development goals. Photo: ADB.
PHNOM PENH, CAMBODIA - The Asian Development Bank is supporting the Government of Cambodia to develop a National Environmental Strategy and Action Plan to help the country achieve its sustainable development goals.
A new approach to water resource management based on community participation is tapping into local knowledge to protect Thailand's territory from the increasingly severe flooding driven by climate change.
Natural capital has been a key contributor to the Greater Mekong Subregion’s rapid economic growth over the past 3 decades or so, but key natural capital stocks are in a state of decline.
Timely availability of information, data, and indicators at the country and project levels allows for the measurement of progress – the achievement of policy objectives, as well as impacts and outcomes of target-driven projects.
The 21st Annual Meeting of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Working Group on Environment (WGE AM21), held on 23 June 2015 in Bangkok, Thailand, was chaired by Dr. Wijarn Simachaya, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE), Thailand (morning, first half), Dr. Prasert Sornsathapornkul, Director, National Park and Protected Area Innovations Institute, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, MNRE (morning, second half), and Dr.
In recent years, Cambodia and Lao PDR have reported more than 150,000 cases of dengue annually. Photo: ADB.
MANILA, PHILIPPINES (5 June 2015) – The Asian Development Bank has approved a pioneering regional technical assistance initiative, with finance from the Nordic Development Fund, to help Cambodia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, and Viet Nam respond to climate-induced health threats.
In the Greater Mekong Subregion, freight transport plays a crucial role in the expansion of trade and economic development.
Greater Mekong Subregion Secretariat
Regional Cooperation and Operations Coordination Division,
Southeast Asia Department, Asian Development Bank
Address: 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550, Metro Manila, Philippines
Telephone: +63 2 8632 4444 Fax: +63 2 8636 2226
